What are the most imported and exported products between China and the EU?
In 2024, the EU exported goods worth €213.3 billion to China and imported €517.8 billion. This led to a trade deficit of €304.5 billion, according to the latest Eurostat figures.
The only EU countries to report a trade surplus with China were Ireland and Luxembourg. The other 25 EU countries experienced a trade deficit, with the Netherlands facing the largest deficit at 85 billion euros.
China remained the EU's largest trading partner for imports, accounting for 21.3% of the total, followed by the United States with 13.7% and the United Kingdom with 6.8%.
China was the EU's third largest export partner, after the United States (20.6%) and the United Kingdom (13.2%).
China among EU's main partners for trade in goods, 2024
(% of exports/imports outside the EU)
Compared to 2023, both imports and exports declined in 2024, falling by 0.5% and 4.5% respectively. Between 2014 and 2024, imports from China increased by 101.9%, while exports increased by 47.0%.
The three largest importers from China to the EU were the Netherlands (109 billion euros), Germany (96 billion euros) and Italy (50 million euros).
Meanwhile, the three largest exporters to China in the EU were Germany (€90 billion), France (€24 billion) and the Netherlands (€24 billion).
EU exports of processed goods (88%) had a much higher share than primary goods (11%).
The most exported manufactured goods were machinery and vehicles (51%), followed by other manufactured goods (20%) and chemicals (17%).
Similarly, in 2024, imports of goods manufactured by the EU represented 97% of total imports, with primary goods accounting for only 2%.
The most imported products from China were electrical machinery, electrical equipment and parts, telecommunications and audio equipment, and office and data processing machines. These three categories accounted for nearly 40% of all imports from China.
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