"Emigration, a male phenomenon" - World Bank: Most women leave for family reasons
The World Bank, in collaboration with INSTAT, has conducted the 2024 Migration Survey, analyzing departures from the country, reasons, expectations, which gender migrates the most, their weight in the domestic economy, etc.
From the data analyzed, it appears that emigration mainly affects the most active ages. 4 out of 5 migrants left between the ages of 15–34, while the overall profile is predominantly male, of working age and with a medium level of skills.
This means that a large proportion of those leaving are young people who are just entering the labor market or are at the peak of their productivity.
Women make up 25.3%, while men make up 74.7%, making emigration a predominantly male phenomenon. Different reasons by gender also enter into this picture. Men migrate mainly for work, while 33% of women leave for family reasons and 30% in search of work. For current emigrants, the weight of education increases by 18%, while 15% of women leave for marriage.
Before departure, women who later migrate have lower incomes of about $493 per month, compared to non-migrants at $643 per month. Abroad, their income increases to about $1,558 per month.
In the labor market, the employment rate of migrant women is reported at 31%, while that of returnees is 36%. Meanwhile, 24% of women say they received skills training before leaving, while men seem to overlook this aspect, as only 17% of them admit to having received training.
Regarding the educational level of migrants abroad, the survey shows that the profile is mainly secondary education, 31.8% have incomplete upper secondary education, 50.2% have completed upper secondary education, while 18.0% have higher education.
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