Europe's seas reach record temperatures - Climate change threatens marine life
Human-caused climate change was the main cause of recent record sea temperatures in Europe, scientists said, warning of severe consequences for marine ecosystems and coastal communities.
Europe's seas have not escaped the extreme heat. Last month, the average temperature in the Mediterranean was 27 degrees Celsius, the highest for any July ever recorded, while near Mallorca it was 33 degrees Celsius in early August.
Human-caused climate change has added about 2 degrees Celsius of warming to the Mediterranean and about 1.4 degrees Celsius to the seas of Western Europe, according to an analysis by the World Weather Attribution (WWA) group, which uses peer-reviewed methods to assess the role of global warming in extreme weather events.
The analysis found that the maximum sea temperatures recorded this year in the eastern and western Mediterranean and along the Bay of Biscay and the Iberian coast would have been "almost impossible" without human-caused climate change.
In the Celtic Sea, off Britain and Ireland, the most extreme temperatures on record would only be expected about once a century in a world without human-caused climate change. Warmer seas increase humidity and nighttime temperatures in coastal areas and can help fuel intense storms later in the year.
Greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from the burning of fossil fuels, have raised the planet's average temperature to about 1.4 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, according to the World Meteorological Organization.
Rising sea temperatures could cause mass die-offs of species such as corals and disrupt food supplies for birds and mammals, with knock-on effects through food chains. According to WWA analysis, around 90% of the Bay of Biscay and 80% of the western Mediterranean experienced marine heatwave conditions this year. Without global warming, this figure would have been closer to 40%.
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