Global cooperation, in smaller groups - World Economic Forum: Emerging economies expanded their share of exports
The World Economic Forum says large-scale global cooperation is weakening, as trade, financial and technological ties are shifting towards smaller interest-based groups of countries.
The world's multilateral mechanism is slowing down at the very moment when crises are increasing, yet measured global cooperation on trade, capital, technology, climate, health, and security is proving more sustainable than expected.
In other words, while overall cooperation is continuing at a steady pace, this alliance is increasingly occurring among smaller groups, rather than occurring among many countries.
This is the central finding of the latest Global Cooperation Barometer, published by the World Economic Forum, which finds that formal action, centered on the UN, is increasingly being trumped by conflict and mistrust.
"As a new global era takes shape, multilateralism is under pressure, even as global cooperation continues to yield results in several key areas," it said.
Despite the findings, the report's main takeaway is largely optimistic. The system is crumbling, but it's not breaking down yet.
The report argues that, although classic multilateral cooperation has weakened, alternative coalitions are filling this gap, often in narrower, interest-based formats that are easier to support politically.
This shift is evident in the trade data. Rather than a complete withdrawal from global trade, the report describes a redirection of goods flows along more resilient geopolitical lines. Despite this, countries are still trying to diversify their suppliers and markets among trading partners they consider more secure.
In 2024, emerging economies and China expanded their share of exports, according to the report, even as advanced economies tightened trade policies and built barriers around strategic sectors.
According to the report, the 2025 tariff strikes did not completely crush trade. Instead, they accelerated a rebalancing, with volumes still expanding but patterns changing rapidly, particularly in US imports.
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