Retirement age today and in the future/Most European countries will raise the average for men and women
About two-thirds of European countries are expected to raise the retirement age for men, while three-quarters will raise it for women. According to the analysis of data for 32 countries, the retirement age is higher for men in 21 of them, while for women in 24 countries.
Across the European Union, the normal retirement age is expected to rise by 2 years for men and 2.4 years for women, according to a report by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The comparison is made between people who retired in 2024 and those who entered the labour market at the age of 22, assuming an uninterrupted career. The latter group would typically retire in the late 2060s.
“Raising the retirement age remains a common strategy to improve the financial sustainability of pension systems, without reducing pension levels,” the report says. “Alternatively, financial sustainability can be achieved by increasing contributions paid or by reducing benefit levels,” the report continues.
According to OECD data from 2024, the highest retirement age for men is 67, recorded in Denmark, Norway, Iceland and the Netherlands, while the EU average is 64.7. Turkey is a notable exception, with a retirement age of 52, while the next lowest is 62, recorded in Greece, Slovenia and Luxembourg. Among Europe’s five largest economies, Germany has the highest retirement age for men, at 66.2, while France has the lowest, at 64.3.
Across the EU, men who entered the labour market at the age of 22 in 2024 are projected to retire at an average of 66.7 years, around 2069. Denmark will have the highest retirement age for men, at 74. By the end of the 2060s, the average age will reach 71 in Estonia and 70 in Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and Cyprus. In Europe’s largest economies, men in Italy will have the highest future retirement age, at 70, followed by the United Kingdom, at 68, and Germany, at 67. Men in Turkey will face the biggest increase, with the retirement age projected to rise by 13 years, from 52 to 65.
For women, Denmark, the Netherlands, Iceland and Norway currently have the highest retirement ages, at 67, while the EU average is 64. Turkey currently has the lowest retirement age for women, at 49, followed by Poland at 60. Across the EU, women who entered the labour market at the age of 22 in 2024 are projected to retire on average at the age of 66.4, 2.4 years later than women who retired in 2024.
The report warns that populations across OECD countries will age rapidly over the next 25 years. For every 100 people aged between 20 and 64, the number of people aged 65 and over is projected to increase from 33 in 2025 to 52 in 2050. In 2000, the figure was 22.
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