Record level of residence permits issued in the EU to third-country nationals: Who gets the most and why?
EU countries issued a record 3.7 million residence permits to third-party nationals in 2023, the highest number since data collection began in 2013.
First residence permits allow foreign nationals to live in a specific country for a specific period of time and for a specific purpose such as work, study, family or humanitarian reasons.
Eurostat data shows that in 2023 Ukrainian nationals received the most permits (307,313), followed by Belarusians (281,279) and Indians (207,966).
Russians also made up a significant proportion, with 116,142 permits issued in total, most of them for family reasons.
Work permits accounted for 33.8% of the total, followed by family reasons (26.4%), "humanitarian and other reasons" (25.6%) and education (14.3%).
Education saw the biggest jump in permits from 2022 (+63,674), with Indians (38,157), Chinese (35,620) and Americans (26,821) taking the majority.
Moroccans overwhelmingly top the list of permits for family reasons, accounting for more than 50% of them, while Belarusians (148,957), Syrians (127,043), Afghans (97,339) and Ukrainians (53,186) received the most humanitarian permits.
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