What is hindering economic growth in Greece? - Housing crisis and labor shortage, among the main factors

The housing crisis, the lack of a skilled workforce and the inefficient functioning of the judicial system constitute, according to Goldman Sachs, the main challenges for the Greek economy. The American bank describes how the Greek economy has managed to stand out across the eurozone since 2019, but also how some specific problems could threaten the maintenance of this positive trend.
Economic activity in the country remains strong, with indicators signaling continued growth. Since 2019, productivity has gradually recovered, driven by rising investment, while Greece's GDP per capita has recorded the highest growth in Southern Europe, above the eurozone average.
However, Goldman Sachs emphasizes that despite improvements in the macroeconomic landscape, Greece faces three main challenges to expanding its growth potential.
The first is the crisis in the real estate market. After years of sluggish construction activity due to the sovereign debt crisis, the real estate sector in Greece rebounded in 2022 and construction resumed. This recovery is promising, but careful management is needed to achieve a gradual improvement.
The second challenge is related to the labor market. Although Greece, especially since 2019, has performed better than the eurozone in this regard, with an increase in employment rates, many qualified workers remain unemployed or underemployed, according to Goldman. Closing this gap requires initiatives aimed at retraining and upgrading skills, helping the workforce adapt to the changing demands of the economy.
Finally, Greece must confront its judicial system, which continues to have efficiency problems, particularly in resolving commercial disputes. Continued political focus on this sector is needed to promote a more reliable and timely system that supports investment, Goldman underlines.
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