From renewable sources to fossil fuels in Europe: How is Albania positioned?!
The European Union is no longer producing electricity the way it did two decades ago. Nuclear-powered generation shrank to 23% of the EU's energy mix last year, from 32% in 2000, while coal-fired generation fell to 12% from 30% over the same period.
While the electricity mix varies significantly between EU member states, renewable energy has grown steadily in almost all of them over the past two decades.
The main source of electricity production in any country
Share in percentage - 2023
Despite the gradual decline in its share since 2000, nuclear power remains a vital contributor to EU electricity generation. It is the largest contributor to electricity production in countries such as France, Belgium, Hungary, Bulgaria and Slovakia.
As can be seen from the table above, Albania is positioned among the countries with full production of energy from renewable sources with a quota of 100%. In 2023, renewables account for the largest share of electricity production in the EU at 35%, followed by fossil fuels at 32% and nuclear power at 23%.
The share of renewables in EU electricity production has more than doubled since 2004, reflecting the bloc's commitment to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. Despite Europe's climate commitments, some countries, including Italy, Germany and Great Britain, continue to rely heavily on gas power for electricity generation.
Earlier this year, Germany announced plans to build new hydrogen-ready gas-fired power plants to help phase out coal by 2030, a decision that drew criticism from some organizations concerned about its environmental implications.
However, the plan was abandoned due to a lack of political support after the coalition government fell, leaving the proposal unvoted in parliament, a ministry spokesman confirmed to German news agency DPA.
Germany shut down its last three nuclear reactors in April 2023, marking the end of nuclear power generation in the country. In 2000, nuclear power plants accounted for 30% of the country's electricity production.
Wholesale electricity prices across Europe remain higher than pre-war levels in Ukraine, although they have fallen sharply from their peak in 2022 when the conflict disrupted global energy markets.
In November, prices reached their highest in recent months, reflecting continued market volatility. Some of the current problems we are seeing now are the result of the lack of network, lack of flexibility and lack of storage in the system.
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