"Energy from hydroelectric power plants gives Albania an advantage" - It is less affected by the increase in global prices. The IMF also assesses the exchange rate
Albania's floating exchange rate regime enables it to better withstand external economic crises or shocks, while also giving it more monetary autonomy compared to other countries in the region that have the euro as their national currency or use a fixed exchange rate regime. This is what the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said in one of its latest reports.
According to the International Monetary Fund, Albania and Serbia use systems that have the main objective of keeping inflation under control with a managed exchange rate in the case of Serbia and a free exchange rate regime in the case of Albania. This gives the respective Central Banks more opportunities to intervene with interest rates and thus respond to shocks with their own means, so they have more independence.
Meanwhile, economies with tighter exchange rates, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina or North Macedonia, have limited room for exchange rate adjustments, increasing reliance on internal mechanisms such as fiscal discipline, structural reforms or wage flexibility.
On the other hand, the International Monetary Fund has also given an assessment regarding the energy sources used by the region. The countries of the Western Balkans are sensitive to the increase in global energy prices, as they rely mainly on outdated and inefficient energy sectors, i.e. on the production of energy from fossil fuels, and they also import more energy. Albania is an exception, says the IMF, as it relies almost entirely on hydropower, i.e. on production from hydroelectric power plants. As a result, the global increase in energy prices does not affect Albania as much.
Significant reliance on outdated and inefficient electricity generation, as well as increased energy intensity, increases vulnerability to global supply shocks and limits flexibility in adapting to such shocks.
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